Heterogeneity in students’ English competence and needs: Adaptive learning method proposed

Abstract

Currently, the use of the latest technology, or known as Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL), in learning English has been proven effective. Autonomous learning or independent learning is also considered to greatly affect the success of learning English. One of the learning methods that combines the application of TEL and autonomous learning is adaptive learning which is defined as a computer-based learning method that provides students with a personal learning experience. In adaptive learning, the concept of a domain-specific knowledge graph can be applied to help regulate the automation of learning personalization. This research was conducted with the main objective of designing and developing technology enhanced English learning materials implementing adaptive learning method.  This study was a Design and Development Research consisting of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Respondents of the study were English teachers and students of a senior high school in Malang. Instruments of data collection included questionnaires, interviews, and focused group discussions. Findings from the analysis stage reveal students’ need of additional time to learn English out of in-class activities. Students’ level of English proficiency was heterogeneous, making the need to learn English varied in terms of difficulty level. Thus, the supplementary learning of English out of class could be done autonomously to effectively meet individuals’ needs. Students’ preference to use computer-based learning materials was also evident. In short, a web-based learning materials implementing adaptive learning was offered as a suggestion, and thus, designed and developed.