Literature Review: Comparative Analysis of Multicultural Education in America and Indonesia

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare the history and policies of multicultural education in America and Indonesia. Writing this literature review article uses library research methods sourced from database searches such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online and other academic online media. The results of the study show that from a historical point of view, Multicultural Education in America emerged in the 1960s because of the reform movement that discussed the issue of discrimination between whites and darkskinned groups (black), while in Indonesia it was marked after the collapse of the New Order period in 1998 which opened democratic shell about the idea of pluralism and multiculturalism due to the politics of uniformity and monoculturalism. Meanwhile, in terms of Multicultural Education policy, in America it is part of social assimilation for immigrants, while in Indonesia it is the development of local cultural contexts in each respective region.