Pengaruh Suhu Annealing Sintesis Nanopartikel TiO2 Fasa Rutile untuk Aplikasi DSSC pada Fotosuperkapasitor
Abstract
Photosupercapacitors are integrated devices that combine dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) and supercapacitors. This device functions as an energy conversion as well as energy storage in one system. The photoanode is one of the important parts of the DSSC in converting photons into electrons. TiO2 semiconductor material-based photoanodes are often used because of their good light-absorbing ability. This study aims to determine the effect of annealing temperature variations on the synthesis of rutile phase TiO2 in photosupercapacitor applications. The coprecipitation method was used in the synthesis of TiO2 with variations in annealing temperature 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃, and 700 ℃. Characterization of TiO2 structure and morphology using XRD and SEM-EDX. Fabrication of photosupercapacitors was carried out using the sandwich method. XRD results show that there are two phases formed, namely anatase and rutile phases with a tetragonal crystal system in all samples with the largest particle size of 40.5 nm at 700 ℃ annealing temperature. From the SEM-EDX results, it can be seen that the morphology of TiO2 nanoparticles tends to agglomerate and has a mass presentation of Ti in TiO2 particles of 76.08 wt%. Charge-discharge tests on the performance of AC/CB/BaTiO3 electrodes showed a specific capacitance of 15.405 F/g. J-V characterization of the photosupercapacitor showed that the ZnO/TiO2 photoanode had an efficiency of 0.08%.
Downloads
References
Aksoy, S., Gorgun, K., Caglar, Y., and Caglar, M. (2019). Effect of loading & standbye time of the organic dye N719 on the photovoltaic performance of ZnO based DSSC. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1189, 181–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.040
Das, A., Deshagani, S., Ghosal, P., & Deepa, M. (2020). Redox active and electrically conducting cobalt telluride Nanorods / Poly ( 1-aminoanthraquinone ) composite and photoactive Rose Bengal dye based photo-supercapacitor. Applied Materials Today, 19, 100592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100592
Diantoro, M., Ittikhad, A. Al, Albadi’Ah, I. V., Latifah, E., Taufiq, A., & Meevasana, W. (2022). Integrated Array of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Supercapacitor for Photo-Supercapacitor Multifunctional Harvesting Device. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2243(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2243/1/012052
Diantoro, M., Maftuha, D., Suprayogi, T., Iqbal, M. R., Solehudin, Mufti, N., Taufiq, A., Hidayat, A., Suryana, R., & Hidayat, R. (2019). Performance of pterocarpus indicus willd leaf extract as natural dye TiO2-dye/ITO DSsC. Materials Today: Proceedings, 17, 1268–1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.015
Diantoro, M., Yanor, S., Suprayogi, T., Mufti, N., Aripriharta, Taufiq, A., Sunaryono, & Meevasana, W. (2020). Annealing temperature effect of zno seed layer on integrated photosupercapacitor performance. Key Engineering Materials, 851 KEM, 16–24. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.851.16
Diantoro, M., Zaini, M. B., Suprayogi, T., Mufti, N., Zulaikah, S., & Hidayat, A. (2020). Effect of (SnO2:TiO2) nanoparticles on charging performance of integrated dye-sensitized solar cell-supercapacitor. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2231(April). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0002438
Du, P., Hu, X., Yi, C., Liu, H. C., Liu, P., & Zhang, H. (2015). Self-Powered Electronics by Integration of Flexible Solid-State Graphene-Based Supercapacitors with High Performance Perovskite Hybrid Solar Cells. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201500335
Fayyadh, A. A., Essa, A. F., Batros, S. S., & Shallal, Z. S. (2019). Studying the Crystal Structure , Topography , and Anti-bacterial of a Novel Titania ( TiO 2 NPs ) Prepared by a Sol-gel Manner. 16(4), 910–917.
Galkina, O. L., Sycheva, A., Blagodatskiy, А., Kaptay, G., Katanaev, V. L., & Seisenbaeva, G. A. (2014). Surface & Coatings Technology The sol – gel synthesis of cotton / TiO 2 composites and their antibacterial properties. Surface & Coatings Technology, 253, 171–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.05.033
Jose, R. (2019). SnO 2 dye-sensitized solar cells. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813337-8.00007-2
Kurosawa, T., Gu, X., Gu, K. L., Zhou, Y., Yan, H., Wang, C., Wang, G. N., Toney, M. F., & Bao, Z. (2017). Understanding the Impact of Oligomeric Polystyrene Side Chain Arrangement on the All-Polymer Solar Cell Performance. 1701552, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201701552
Lei, J., Liu, S., Du, K., Lv, S., Liu, C., & Zhao, L. (2015). ZnO at TiO2 architectures for a high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell. Electrochimica Acta, 171, 66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.014
Liu, B., Liu, B., Wang, X., Wu, X., Zhao, W., Xu, Z., & Chen, D. (2014). Memristor-Integrated Voltage-Stabilizing Supercapacitor System. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201401017
Masrul, M. Z., Suprayogi, T., Diantoro, M., Fuad, A., Latifah, E., & Hidayat, A. (2019). The Effect of Light Irradiation on Performance of Photo-Supercapacitor of FTO/TiO2-ZnO-β Carotene-Quercetin/Carbon/Al/PVDF-BaTiO3/Al. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 515(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/515/1/012077
Ng, C. H., Lim, H. N., Hayase, S., Harrison, I., Pandikumar, A., & Huang, N. M. (2015). Potential active materials for photo-supercapacitor: A review. Journal of Power Sources, 296, 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.006
Olalekan, A, M., Adedokun, O., Bello, T, I., Kareem, A, M., & Kwong Yam, F. (2022). Recent Advances in Photo-supercapacitor: A Mini Review. Advanced Materials Science and Technology, 4(2), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.37155/2717-526x-0402-2
Pandey, A. K., Tyagi, V. V., Selvaraj, J. A., Rahim, N. A., & Tyagi, S. K. (2016). Recent advances in solar photovoltaic systems for emerging trends and advanced applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53, 859–884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.043
Safriani, L. (2022). Pengaruh Penambahan Nanopartikel ZnO Terhadap Morfologi Nanokomposit TiO2/ZnO. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Inovasi Fisika, 6(2), 182–188. https://doi.org/10.24198/jiif.v6i2.41201
Sawitri, R. A., Suryanti, L., Zuhri, F. U., & Diantoro, M. (2019). Dielectric Properties of Dirt Sugarcane Sediment (DSS) Extract-BaTiO3 for Organic Supercapacitors. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 515(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/515/1/012062
Scalia, A., Bella, F., Lamberti, A., Bianco, S., Gerbaldi, C., Tresso, E., & Pirri, C. F. (2017). A flexible and portable powerpack by solid-state supercapacitor and dye-sensitized solar cell integration. Journal of Power Sources, 359, 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.072
Shakeel Ahmad, M., Pandey, A. K., & Abd Rahim, N. (2017). Advancements in the development of TiO2 photoanodes and its fabrication methods for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 77(January), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.129
Tobing, A. T., & Kartika, D. M. (2021). PENGARUH SUHU KALSINASI TERHADAP UKURAN KRISTAL DAN KOMPOSISI FASA PADA SENYAWA TiO2 THE EFFECT OF CALCINATION TEMPERATURE ON CRYSTAL SIZE AND PHASE COMPOSITION OF TiO2 COMPOUNDS. UNESA Journal of Chemistry, 10(3), 367–373.
Umale, S. V., Tambat, S. N., Sudhakar, V., Sontakke, S. M., & Krishnamoorthy, K. (2017). Fabrication, characterization and comparison of DSSC using anatase TiO2 synthesized by various methods. Advanced Powder Technology, 28(11), 2859–2864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.08.012
Wang, W., Feng, W., Du, J., Xue, W., Zhang, L., Zhao, L., & Li, Y. (2018). Cosensitized Quantum Dot Solar Cells with Conversion Efficiency over 12 %. 1705746, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705746
Xu, J., Wu, H., Lu, L., Leung, S. F., Chen, D., Chen, X., Fan, Z., Shen, G., & Li, D. (2014). Integrated photo-supercapacitor based on Bi-polar TiO2 nanotube arrays with selective one-side plasma-assisted hydrogenation. Advanced Functional Materials, 24(13), 1840–1846. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303042