Pembuatan Alat Peraga Fisika Sederhana Roket Air Bersirip Untuk Membentuk Kerja Ilmiah dan Sikap Ilmiah di SMA Negeri 3 Demak

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi masih rendahnya ketrampilan proses sains peserta didik terutama kerja ilmiah dan sikap ilmiah. Berdasarkan pengamatan penulis, pembelajaran Fisika di kelas dengan metode saintific pada kurikulum 2013 masih rendah. Pembelajaran terkesan berpusat pada guru (teacher centered). Hal ini ditunjang dengan kurang tersedianya alat peraga untuk mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran khususnya materi impuls dan momentum. Di dalam silabus mengisyaratkan adanya ketrampilan proses yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik yaitu pengujian hukum kekekalan momentum dengan menggunakan roket. Atas dasar tersebut dikembangkan alat Roket Air Bersirip. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis desain alat peraga Roket Air Bersirip yang sesuai, (2) mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis keefektifan dan kelayakan alat peraga. Desain penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D), alur penelitian menutur model dari Thiagarajan terdiri dari 4D tahapan yaitu: Define (Pendefinisian), Design(Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan) dan Disseminate (Penyebaran). Teknik analisa data menggunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pretest-posttest group design. Desain model divalidasi oleh ahli dan praktisi dengan teknik Delphi. Keefektivan model diuji dengan paired sample t-test dan independent sampe t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan nilai tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan alat peraga berupa roket air bersirip dimana dengan menggunakan alat peraga roket air bersirip ini secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kerja ilmiah dan sikap ilmiah peserta didik sehingga nilai pengetahuan meningkat pula.

This research was based on the background of the low level of science process skill of students, especially the scientific work and attitude. Based on the writers observation, the learning of Physics subject in the classroom by using the scientific method in the 2013 curriculum was still low. The learning process seemed to be a teacher centered. This was supported by the lack of availability of teaching aids to support learning activities, especially the subject matter of impulses and momentum. The syllabus implied that the existence of process skills which carried out by the students, namely the testing of the momentum conservation law by using a rocket. On the basis of that situation, it was developed a finned water rocket tool. The purpose of this study was: (1) to describe and analyze the design of a suitable finned water rocket tool, (2) to describe and analyze the effectiveness and the appropriateness of the teaching aids. The design of this study was Research and Development (R & D), the research flew followed the model from Thiagarajan consisting of Define (Defining), Design (Design), Develop (Development), Disseminate (Distribution). The technique of data analysis used the qualitative and quantitative with the pretest - posttest group design. The model design was validated by an expert and practitioner by using the Delphi. The model effectiveness was evaluated by paired sample t-test and independent t-test. The result of the study showed that to increase the students score could be done by using the demonstration tool of a finned water rocket in which by using a simple finned water rocket could increase significantly the scientific work and attitude of the students so that the knowledge score would increase too.