APPLICATION OF HANGING BALL MEDIA TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF VOLLEYBALL UNDERHAND PASSING

Abstract

Underhand passing is a fundamental technique of great importance in volleyball, yet it frequently remains a weakness among students in physical education learning. Common problems identified include improper body positioning, inconsistent ball contact, and low control and accuracy in passing. The hanging ball medium is proposed as an alternative to address these issues, enabling students to practice repeatedly with focus on technical movement without distraction from the ball's incoming direction. This study systematically examines the effectiveness of hanging ball media in improving volleyball underhand passing quality through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Articles from various scientific sources were analyzed to identify improvements in underhand passing technique aspects. The results show that the use of hanging ball media has a positive impact on improving basic technique, particularly in body position, ball contact on the forearm, body balance, and control of passing direction. Additionally, practice with hanging ball media helps students improve passing consistency and accuracy through a gradual and structured learning process. Overall, the application of hanging ball media is proven effective as both a learning and training medium for volleyball underhand passing.