IMPLEMENTATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORTS, AND HEALTH (PJOK) LEARNING METHODS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL: TEACHERS’ AND PRINCIPALS’ PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

This study aims to describe the implementation of Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning methods in primary school from the perspectives of PJOK teachers and school principals. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The research subjects were the PJOK teacher and the school principal at SD Negeri Cikahuripan, Cimanggung District, Sumedang Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analysed qualitatively through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by data visualisations in the form of a word cloud, a hierarchy chart, and an explore diagram. The findings show that the implementation of PJOK learning methods has been carried out by prioritising a student-centred approach oriented toward learners’ needs. The PJOK teacher played an active role in lesson planning, the selection of learning strategies, student guidance, and classroom management, while the learning methods used were adapted to the characteristics of the learners and the condition of the school’s facilities and infrastructure. In addition, the principal’s support through policy, school management, and the provision of facilities emerged as an important factor determining the success of implementation. These findings confirm that the success of PJOK learning in primary school results from the synergy between the pedagogical role of the PJOK teacher and the managerial role of the school principal. The study is expected to serve as a reference for developing contextual, adaptive, and sustainable PJOK learning in primary school.