Tinjauan Sistematis Kebijakan Pekerjaan Hijau Global: Tren dan Jalur Transisi Energi Berkelanjutan
Keywords:
kebijakan pekerjaan hijau, ketenagakerjaan berkelanjutan, keterampilan hijauAbstract
Pembahasan global mengenai pekerjaan hijau berkembang pesat, namun kajian tentang kebijakan pekerjaan hijau masih terfragmentasi lintas disiplin, wilayah, dan pendekatan metodologis. Penelitian ini melakukan tinjauan sistematis terhadap artikel jurnal terindeks yang terbit pada periode 2020–2025 untuk memperjelas bagaimana kebijakan pekerjaan hijau dikonseptualisasikan, disusun, dan didistribusikan secara geografis. Dengan menggunakan protokol PRISMA sebagai indeks utama, sebanyak lima puluh lima artikel disaring dan dua puluh studi memenuhi kriteria untuk dianalisis. Analisis dilakukan melalui pengodean kualitatif dan pemetaan bibliometrik sederhana yang mengidentifikasi empat gugus tema, yaitu pengukuran dan kebijakan makro, tata kelola dan transisi berkeadilan, wacana kebijakan, serta operasionalisasi pasar tenaga kerja. Penilaian temporal dan regional menunjukkan dominasi kerja sama antara Eropa dan Asia dengan keterlibatan awal dari Amerika Latin, yang mengindikasikan difusi kebijakan yang bertahap namun belum merata secara global. Sintesis temuan menjelaskan bahwa kerangka pengukuran, mekanisme tata kelola, dan sistem keterampilan saling berinteraksi dalam pembentukan kebijakan pekerjaan hijau, sehingga memberikan dasar bagi strategi transisi yang lebih terpadu dan inklusif.
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